Marriott School Editing & Usage Guide

Updated June 2010


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The Marriott School editing and usage guide is used for print and web publications such as Marriott Alumni Magazine, department newsletters and blogs, and the school web site. It is also provided as a resource for the media.

This guide aims to cover exceptions and items not sufficiently covered in other guides. For items not outlined here, consult the latest edition of the Chicago Manual of Style or the Merriam-Webster's Dictionary. For news releases, consult the Associated Press Stylebook. Other helpful guides include the BYU Style Guide and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Name Style Guide.

Marriott School of Management In first references, use Marriott School of Management. In secondary references, use the Marriott School or simply the school. The acronym MSM is not appropriate.

CAPITALIZATION: Do not capitalize the definite article the before Marriott School or school. When used as a secondary reference without Marriott or Brigham Young, school (or the school) and university (or the university) should not be capitalized.

Example: Jones graduated in 1998 with a master of accountancy degree from the Marriott School. He was one of the school's top students.


DESCRIPTIONS: The Marriott School should be referred to as a business school. However, references to the school of management or management school are permitted, particularly when referring to the master of public administration program.

Examples: According to BusinessWeek magazine, the Marriott School is one of the nation's leading business schools.
The Marriott School at Brigham Young University is a leading management school with a nationally recognized graduate program in public administration.


HISTORY: The Marriott School was named after benefactors J. Willard and Alice S. Marriott in 1988. Degrees earned at BYU before 1988 are from BYU and not the Marriott School.

Example: Johnson earned his BS in accounting from BYU in 1986 and his MBA from the Marriott School in 1990.


TITLES: Official letterhead, envelopes, etc. should read Marriott School, Brigham Young University. If the title appears on separate lines of text, the words Marriott School should appear on the first line, with Brigham Young University on the line below.

A


academic degrees and honors

ABBREVIATIONS: The following list includes frequently used abbreviations for academic degrees and professional and honorary designations (Chicago 15.21).

Examples: BA, Bachelor of Arts
BFA, Bachelor of Fine Arts
BS, Bachelor of Science
DDS, Doctor of Dental Surgery
EMBA, Executive Master of Business Administration
EMPA, Executive Master of Public Administration
JD, Juris Doctor (Doctor of Law)
JD/MAcc, Joint Juris Doctor/Master of Accountancy
JD/MBA, Joint Juris Doctor/Master of Business Administration
JD/MPA, Joint Juris Doctor/Master of Public Administration
MA, Master of Arts
MAcc, Master of Accountancy
MBA, Master of Business Administration
MD, Medicinae Doctor (Doctor of Medicine)
MFA, Master of Fine Arts
MISM, Master of Information Systems Management
MPA, Master of Public Administration
MS, Master of Science
PhD, Philosophiae Doctor (Doctor of Philosophy)


CAPITALIZATION: The names of academic degrees and honors should be capitalized when following a personal name, whether abbreviated or written in full (Chicago 15.20):

Example: Joseph Hershall, MD, presented the award.

Also capitalize the name of a degree when it is preceded by BYU or the Marriott School.

Examples: He joined the Marriott School's Master of Business Administration program last year.
She decided to get a BYU Master of Accountancy degree when she was a sophomore.

But when academic degrees are referred to in such general terms as bachelor's degree, master of business administration, etc. they are not capitalized (Chicago 8.32).

Example: She earned her bachelor's degree from the Marriott School in 2001.

Lowercase honors such as cum laude, magna cum laude, and summa cum laude.

Example: She graduated summa cum laude in 2009.


POSSESSIVE: Do not use the possessive unless directly modifying degree.

Examples: bachelor's degree
master's degree in accounting
but
master of accountancy
bachelor of arts
BS in finance
associate degree


PUNCTUATION: Omit the periods on all degree names (Chicago 15.21).

Example: He earned his MBA in finance at Brigham Young University.


USAGE: Do not use the name of a degree to refer to a person (so, instead of MBA, use MBA student, etc.).

Example: Most first-year MBA students participated in the event.

See also MAcc ; majors ; MBA .



academic semesters and terms Lowercase fall semester, spring term, etc. Capitalize the season when referring to a specific semester.

Examples: There is a surge of students each fall semester.
We expect many students in the Fall 2010 Semester.


Accenture Formerly Andersen Consulting, a branch of Arthur Andersen, this large technology consulting firm became known as Accenture on 1 January 2001.

Example: With its recently gained independence from Arthur Andersen, Accenture is free to consult AA's clients without upsetting the SEC.

See also Andersen .



accounting, accountancy The examples below demonstrate the preferred usage for these two terms.

Examples: She is an accounting major.
She is majoring in accounting.
He is an accounting professor.
She teaches accounting at the Marriott School.
Accounting professor Bob Smith gave the honorary lecture.
Bill Smith, assistant professor of accountancy, gave the honorary lecture.
They work for the BYU School of Accountancy.
He earned a master's degree in accounting last year.
He earned a master of accountancy degree last year.

See also School of Accountancy .



Aerospace Studies, Department of When preceded by BYU or Marriott School, capitalize and include of. In all other references, lowercase and use aerospace studies department or simply the department.

Example: The BYU Department of Aerospace Studies is located here. The aerospace studies department is a part of the Marriott School. The department recently won two awards.

See also Air Force ROTC ; departments.



Air Force ROTC In first references, use BYU Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps or Air Force ROTC. In secondary references, you can use AFROTC.

Note: AFROTC cadets train throughout college to prepare for commissions as second lieutenants upon graduation. BYU's AFROTC is administered through the Marriott School's Aerospace Studies Department, which offers a minor (but not a major) in aerospace studies.

See Aerospace Studies, Department of.

alumna, alumni, alumnus Alumna is a female singular noun. Alumni is a plural noun. Alumnus is a male singular noun. The shortened alum may be used to refer to any of these.

Examples: She is a BYU alumna.
BYU alumni are the best.
He is a BYU alumnus.
Sally Smith, a BYU alum, says she learned a lot.


a.m., p.m. Lowercase and use periods (Chicago 9.42). Avoid the redundant 10 a.m. in the morning or 12 noon (noon or midnight alone are sufficient).

Examples: Devotional will be held at 11:05 a.m.
Come at 4 p.m. for free food!

See also time .



Andersen Formerly Arthur Andersen, Andersen was one of the Big Five accounting firms. The name change was announced 5 March 2001.

Example: Shortly after Andersen Consulting changed its name to Accenture, Arthur Andersen, the parent company with the rights to the name, simplified its name to Andersen.

See also Accenture ; Big Five ; Big Four .



Army ROTC In first references, use BYU Army Reserve Officer Training Corps or Army ROTC. In secondary references, you can use ROTC.
Note: ROTC cadets train throughout college to prepare for commissions as second lieutenants upon graduation. BYU's ROTC is administered through the Marriott School's Military Science Department, which offers a minor (but not a major) in military science.

See also Military Science, Department of .



awards Names of awards and prizes are capitalized, but some terms used with names are not (Chicago 8.89).

Examples: Nobel Prize
Nobel laureate
Pulitzer Prize
Rhodes Scholarship
but
Rhodes scholar
BYU awards:Excellence in Teaching Award
Alumni Service to Family Award
Distinguished Service Award
Honorary Alumni Award
Karl G. Maeser Excellence in Teaching Award

B


Ballard Center for Economic Self-Reliance Always hyphenate Self-Reliance when referring to the center and capitalize the R. In first references, Ballard Center for Economic Self-Reliance is preferred but the full name, Melvin J. Ballard Center for Economic Self-Reliance, may also be used. Whichever name is used, make sure to maintain consistency within the same publication. In secondary references, use the Ballard Center or simply the center. Do not rearrange the name of the center, such as Ballard Economic Self-Reliance Center.

Example: The mission of the Ballard Center for Economic Self-Reliance is to bring practitioners, scholars, and the community together to help families throughout the world become economically self-reliant. The center was named after Melvin J. Ballard in 2010.

See also centers.



Big Five This term is no longer used unless referring to the past.

See also Big Four .

Big Four Big Four refers to the four largest accounting and professional services firms: Ernst & Young, KPMG, PricewaterhouseCoopers, and Deloitte & Touche. According to The New York Times article on 27 December 2002, the fallout of Arthur Andersen shrank the Big Five to the Big Four.

Capitalize the B and F but not subsequent terms like accounting firm.

Example: Ernst & Young and other Big Four accounting firms felt that selling off their consulting branches was in their best interest.

Bloomberg BusinessWeek In October 2009 media conglomerate Bloomberg LP bought BusinessWeek magazine from McGraw–Hill and in April 2010 redesigned and relaunched the magazine as Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Quotations from and references to these publications should reflect this change. Do not italicize the company name of Bloomberg except when part of the title of Bloomberg BusinessWeek.

B-school See Marriott School of Management.

building Do not capitalize building or other words such as avenue, boulevard, bridge, church, fountain, hotel, park, room, square, street, or theater unless as part of an official or formal name. Avoid the abbreviation bldg.

Examples: The N. Eldon Tanner Building, completed in early 1983, is the first Brigham Young University academic building to be financed completely by contributions. The building was renovated in 2008.
The information session was held in room 208 of the Tanner Building. The room was full of people.


Business Management, Department of When preceded by BYU or Marriott School, capitalize and include of. In all other references, lowercase and use business management department or simply the department.

Example: The BYU Department of Business Management is located on the sixth floor. The business management department is a part of the Marriott School. The department has a number of professors who publish in top journals.

See also departments.



business school See Marriott School of Management.

BusinessWeek See Bloomberg BusinessWeek.

BYU–Idaho Use an en dash.

BYU–Hawaii Use an en dash.

C


centers Capitalize center in official titles but not in secondary references (Chicago 8.73).

Example: The Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology will be sponsoring the event. The center has sponsored five events this year.
See also Ballard Center for Economic Self-Reliance; Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology; Steven and Georgia White Business Career Center; Whitmore Global Management Center.


century Particular centuries are spelled out and lowercased (Chicago 9.36).

Example: Sustainability is a hot topic for twenty-first-century businesses.
The twentieth century seems so long ago.


chapter See Management Society.

chief officers When referring to the chief officers of an organization in headlines, titles, and text, spell out first references to all titles except CEO. After the first reference, the acronyms of other titles may also be used.

Example: Appointed chief information officer in 1980 by the CEO and president of his company, Johnson was the most senior CIO at the conference.


church The official name of the church that sponsors Brigham Young University is The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

CAPITALIZATION:
Lowercase church when used as a modifier, as in church leaders or church activities. When used with LDS, however, capitalize as LDS Church leaders, etc.

CHURCH TERMINOLOGY: The following list includes commonly used church-specific terms and their proper spelling and capitalization.

112th Annual General Conference
145th Semiannual General Conference
April 2010 general conference
April general conference
churchwide
Cub Scout leader
deacons quorum president
elders quorum president
family home evening
General Authority
general conference
high councilor
high priests group leader
nonmember
non-Mormon
Scouting program
Scoutmaster
stake president
Young Men president (not Young Men's president)


HISTORY: The name of the church was given by revelation from God to Joseph Smith in 1838. While the term Mormon Church has long been publicly applied to the church as a nickname, it is not an authorized title, and the church discourages its use.

USAGE: In first references, the full name of the church is preferred. In Marriott Alumni Magazine, however, LDS Church in first references is acceptable.
When referring to church members, Latter-day Saints is preferred, though Mormons is acceptable.

Mormon is correctly used in proper names such as the Book of Mormon, Mormon Tabernacle Choir or Mormon Trail, or when used as an adjective in such expressions as Mormon pioneers.

The term Mormonism is acceptable in describing the combination of doctrine, culture, and lifestyle unique to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

When referring to people or organizations that practice polygamy, the terms Mormons, Mormon fundamentalist, Mormon dissidents, etc. are incorrect. The AP Stylebook notes: "The term Mormon is not properly applied to the other . . . churches that resulted from the split after [Joseph] Smith's death" (AP Stylebook, "Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, The").


CIBER The acronym stands for Centers for International Business Education and Research. Since 2002 the Marriott School's Whitmore Global Management Center has been designated by the U.S. Department of Education as a CIBER.

Examples: As a CIBER the Whitmore Global Management Center works toward internationalizing the Marriott School.
The Whitmore Center, which is part of the CIBER network of schools, sponsors many programs with an international focus.
See also Whitmore Global Management Center.


class titles Lowercase class titles when followed by class. Capitalize a class title when it stands alone, is followed by a numeral, or includes a proper noun.

Examples: I am really struggling with my introduction to accounting class.
I am really struggling with Introduction to Accounting.
The internet marketing class is very popular.
Internet Marketing 101 is a very popular class.
I am taking a Shakespeare and an English class this semester.


co Retain the hyphen when forming nouns, adjectives, and verbs that indicate occupation or status. The examples below include several exceptions to the dictionary for the sake of consistency.

Examples: co-author
co-chairman
co-defendant
co-host
co-owner
co-partner
co-pilot
co-respondent (in a divorce suit)
co-signer
co-star
co-worker
Use no hyphen in other combinations.
Examples: coed
coeducation
coequal
coexist
coexistence
cooperate
cooperative
coordinate
coordination
Cooperate, coordinate and related words are exceptions to the rule that a hyphen is used if a prefix ends in a vowel and the word that follows begins with the same vowel (AP Stylebook, "co-").

Computerworld When writing the name of the popular magazine, write it as one word, capitalize the C but not the W, and italicize it.

Example: A recent job satisfaction survey was published by Computerworld.


comma in a series Place a comma after the last element in a list of two or more items.

Example: Students came from Japan, China, and Korea.


conference The term should be capitalized only if it is part of an official title.

Example: The eighth annual Management Conference was a success. The conference had more participants than ever before.

See also church .



D


dashes There are several different kinds of dashes that differ in length and use.
1. Em dash (—): Use the em dash to denote a sudden break in thought that causes an abrupt change in sentence structure (Chicago 6.90).

Example: The anticipated result of this effort—and it is already proving to be correct—is that local students who take these courses will be in a stronger position to find meaningful employment.

Use the em dash to give emphasis or explanation (Chicago 6.88).

Example: MTC missionaries consume 167,000 gallons of milk—the entire production of a three-hundred-cow dairy.

2. En dash (–): Use the en dash to connect continuing, or inclusive, date, time, or reference numbers (Chicago 6.83).

Examples: 1968–72
pp. 38–45
10 a.m.–5 p.m.
John 4:3–6:2
May–June 1967
13 May 1965–9 June 1966
but
from 1968 to 1972 (never from 1968–1972)
from May to June 1967 (never from May–June 1967)
between 1968 and 1970 (never between 1968–70)
between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m.

The en dash is also used in place of a hyphen in a compound adjective when one of its elements is an open compound or when two or more of its elements are open or hyphenated compounds (Chicago 6.85).

Examples: the post–World War II years
a hospital–nursing home connection
but
non-English-speaking peoples

3. Hyphen (-): Use the hyphen to separate numbers that are not inclusive, such as telephone numbers and social security numbers (Chicago 6.82).

Example: He can be reached at (801) 387-3224.

Use the hyphen for compound words and in word division. Refer to the Merriam-Webster's Dictionary to check which words require hyphenation (Chicago 5.92–93, 6.81, 7.90).

Examples: He was once a three-term governor.
We must look ahead as we move into the twenty-first century.

Place a hyphen before the noun that the following compound adjectives modify:

all- (all-inclusive study but study that is all inclusive)
full- (compound adjectives only: full-length mirror but the mirror is full length)
upper-, lower-, mid-, etc. (some exceptions: highland, midlife, lowbrow)
quasi- (adjectives only: quasi-legislative or quasi-judicial)
self- (but not self plus a suffix: self-supported vs. selfless)
-century (adjectives only: fifth-century but the fifth century)

Place a hyphen in established clichés.

Examples: up-to-date
over-the-counter



When a prefix stands alone, add a hyphen (Chicago 7.89).

Example: The atrium is both over- and underused by the students.


data Although data has traditionally been categorized as a plural noun, it is acceptable to use a singular verb with data.

Example: The data is conclusive.


dates The preferred style is day-month-year with no internal punctuation (Chicago 6.46).

Examples: The conference will begin on 28 August 1999.
Students participated from 27 April to 5 June.

When a period of time is identified by month and year, no internal punctuation is necessary or appropriate.

Example: The next alumni board meeting will be in March 2002.

When a day is mentioned without a month or year, the number is usually spelled out.

Example: By the twenty-fifth, everyone had left town.

If a year is abbreviated, the first two digits are replaced by an apostrophe ('), not an opening single quotation mark (‘).

Examples: They celebrated at the Days of '47 parade.
The MBA Class of '11 sponsored the event.


decades Decades should be spelled out (as long as the century is clear) and lowercased (Chicago 9.37). If numerals are used, do not include an apostrophe between the numerals and s.

Examples: I lived through the nineties.
We studied the 1920s and 1930s last semester.


departments Capitalize department when it is preceded by BYU or Marriott School. Lowercase department and the department name in all other references (Chicago 8.73).

Examples: The Marriott School Department of Finance will be moving its office next door. The finance department has several new faculty members this year. The department's newest faculty member is Bob Smith. "We are excited to have him," says finance department chair Steve Thorley.

See also Accountancy, School of ; Aerospace Studies, Department of ; Business Management, Department of ; Finance, Department of ; Information Systems, Department of ; majors ; Military Science, Department of ; Organizational Leadership and Strategy, Department of ; Recreation Management, Department of.



different from, different than In general, the preferred usage is different from. However, different than is preferred when a clause follows than and in elliptical constructions (OED p. 341).

Examples: She is not afraid to be different from everyone else.
My idea of a good grade is different from his.
Things are different than they used to be.
This semester was no different than last semester had been.
He drives a different make than [the car that] I drive.


dot-com Always write this term in two words with a hyphen. It can be used as an adjective or a noun. When in a title, capitalize both dot and com.

Example: A large number of students went to work for dot-coms. The dot-com boom of the nineties was bound to crash.

It is generally unnecessary to include the .com suffix for web-based companies like Amazon and eBay. However, .com should be included when referring to a specific domain name.

Example: Amazon has quickly become the world's most influential online retailer. Its new web site, amazon.com/giftcards, is making news.

See also URLs .



E

e-business Use a lowercase e and b and a hyphen except when beginning a sentence (E-business) or in a headline (E-Business). Follow the same rule with similar words, such as e-commerce and e-book.

email Use a lowercase e and no hyphen.

Example: The Alumni Association is preparing to launch a lifetime, web-based email system that could be used by all BYU graduates.

For email addresses, lowercase everything. Avoid underlining emails since underscores can be difficult to distinguish.

Example: My email is style_guide@byu.edu.


Executive MBA In first references, use Executive MBA. In secondary references, use EMBA.

Executive MPA In first references, use Executive MPA. In secondary references, use EMPA.

F


faculty Faculty is used as a plural noun meaning "the teaching and administrative staff in an educational institution."

Example: Most of the faculty prefer to use hardback books rather than online texts.
Example: The faculty collaborate in their teaching to highlight key concepts that bridge multiple disciplines and streamline the learning process.


Finance, Department of When preceded by BYU or Marriott School, capitalize and include of. In all other references, lowercase and use finance department or simply the department.

Example: The BYU Department of Finance is located here. The finance department is a part of the Marriott School. The department is great.

See also departments.



Fortune 500 Use a capital F and the number 500.

Example: General Electric, a Fortune 500 company, announced plans to merge with Honeywell.


fund-raising Hyphenate.

H


headlines Use the headline style of capitalization (rather than sentence style) for headlines (Chicago 8.167). Use the following rules as a guide:

1. Always capitalize the first and last word.
2. Lowercase the articles the, a, and an.
3. Lowercase prepositions, regardless of length, except when they are stressed (A River Runs Through It), are used adverbially or adjectivally (Look Up, Turn Down, The On Button), or are used as conjunctions (Look Before You Leap).
4. Lowercase the conjunctions and, but, for, or, and nor.
5. Lowercase to and as in any grammatical function.

For guidelines on how to capitalize hyphenated compounds, refer to Chicago 8.170.



health care Health care is two words, unless it's part of a proper noun that uses healthcare.

I

Information Systems, Department of When preceded by BYU or Marriott School, capitalize and include of. In all other references, lowercase and use information systems department or simply the department.

Example: The BYU Department of Information Systems is located here. The information systems department is a part of the Marriott School. The department is great.

If an abbreviated term is needed, particularly in headlines, use IS . The abbreviation I Sys is only appropriate when referring to course titles. Do not use IS or Info Sys .

See also departments .

institutes Capitalize institute in official titles, but not in secondary references (Chicago 8.73).

Example: In 1976 the BYU Institute of Retail Management was founded by American Stores. The institute has made many meaningful contributions to the school.

See also Institute of Marketing ; Peery Institute of Financial Services ; Romney Institute of Public Management .



Institute of Marketing Use Institute of Marketing in all references. In secondary references, the institute may also be used. The institute was founded in 1976 by American Stores as the Institute of Retail Management at BYU. In 1997 the institute changed its name and expanded to include retail sales and services as well as marketing.

internet Lowercase.

italics Italicize complete works, such as the titles of books, magazines, movies, and plays. Italics are also used to set apart foreign words, words that refer to themselves (ain't isn't a word), or exclamations. To emphasize a word or phrase, use italics rather than all caps.
Do not italicize punctuation that does not belong to the title or exclamation (Chicago 6.3).

Examples: BusinessWeek's rankings were fair.
Many editors admire Wired Style: it is both elegant and easy to use.
One of my favorite words is peppy; it always makes me smile.
Are you saying the wound was self-inflicted?
The professors authored Boom Start: Super Laws of Successful Entrepreneurs.

See also magazine .


J


JPEG, GIF, PDF Always capitalize these file name acronyms unless using them as file extensions.

Examples: Please submit photos as JPEG or GIF files and send text in PDF format.
The photo I have attached, vacation.gif, is in color.


Jr., Sr. Do not set these off with commas (Chicago 15.19).

L


login Use login (and similar words like logon and logoff) as a closed compound when used as a noun, but use as two words in verb form (AP Stylebook, "login").

Example: The login box is in the upper right corner of the screen. Go to the Alumni Association web site to log in and register today.


M


MAcc Always prefix MAcc with a (Chicago 15.9).

Example: Earning a MAcc is no small feat.

Note: Students admitted to the MAcc program will receive both a BS in accountancy and a MAcc upon graduation.
See also academic degrees and honors ; majors ; program .



magazine For some magazines, it may be necessary to add magazine to the first reference of the title to ensure clarity. Do not capitalize or italicize magazine unless it is part of the official title.

Example: Entrepreneur magazine recently ranked the Marriott School twelfth in the nation in its annual undergraduate program review. The article, in the October 2006 issue of Entrepreneur, compiled rankings for both undergraduate and graduate programs.

See also italics .



majors Always lowercase majors unless they are proper nouns, such as languages. Use the following guidelines on how to refer to various Marriott School areas of study.

MBA: An MBA student's major should generally be mentioned. The program offers majors in finance, marketing, supply chain management, product development, and organizational behavior and human resource management.
Example: Bob Smith is a second-year MBA student majoring in marketing.

MPA: An MPA student's emphasis does not need to be mentioned. The program offers emphases in local government management, financial and management analysis, human resource management, and nonprofit management.

MAcc: A student's MAcc emphasis does not need to be mentioned. The program offers emphases in tax and professional accountancy.

BS Management: A business management student's emphasis may be listed as his or her major. The program offers emphases in entrepreneurship, finance, general business, global supply chain, marketing, OBHR, and strategy.
Example: Bob Smith is a senior majoring in global supply chain.
Bob Smith is a senior majoring in business management with an emphasis in global supply chain.

BS Recreation Management: There are two majors: therapeutic recreation and experience management. Within the experience management major, there are four emphases: commercial, community, youth leadership, and outdoor recreation. Mention emphasis if possible.

Note: The EMBA, EMPA, MISM, BS accountancy, and BS information systems programs do not have majors, minors, or emphases.

See also departments; minors.

MBA Always prefix MBA with an (Chicago 15.9).

Example: She earned an MBA in 1983 from the Marriott School of Management. She learned a lot from the MBA program.

See also academic degrees and honors ; majors ; program .



Management Society Use BYU Management Society in first references. Use the Management Society or simply the society in secondary references. Capitalize Chapter when referring to a specific chapter but lowercase when used in general references.

Examples: Many alumni and friends of the school have joined the Management Society. The society was established in 1977.
The Denver, Colorado, Chapter was founded in May. The chapter already has fifty members.



Marriott Alumni Magazine The Marriott School's alumni magazine was named Exchange until June 2001 when it was renamed Marriott Alumni Magazine. Quotations from and references to these publications should reflect this change. Marriott Alumni Magazine should be spelled out in first reference, but may be referred to as MAM in subsequent references.

Example: Exchange reported the happenings of the business school professionally for more than two decades. Marriott Alumni Magazine continues this great tradition.


media, medium When medium refers to any physical material used to store data, such as DVD, disk, tape, or paper, the plural noun is media, which takes a plural verb. When medium refers to those who claim to commune with the dead, the plural noun is mediums.

Examples: The best medium for this project is the internet.
The media used for this project are very fitting.

The term media (or mass media), when it is used to refer to the collective group of newspapers, magazines, radio, television, motion pictures, and the internet, has a singular connotation and may take a singular verb.

Example: Today's media is quickly becoming overwhelming.


microenterprise Always use as one word and lowercase the e. The term microenterprise is preferred over microfinance. If microfinance is part of an official title then it is should remain so.

Military Science, Department of When preceded by BYU or Marriott School, capitalize and include of. In all other references, lowercase and use military science department or simply the department.

Example: The BYU Department of Military Science is located here. The military science department is a part of the Marriott School. The department is great.

See also Army ROTC ; departments.



minors Always lowercase minors unless they are proper nouns, such as languages. Minors are rarely mentioned unless they directly pertain to an article. Minors offered in the Marriott School are listed below.

MBA: The program offers minors in entrepreneurship, international business, global management (certificate), social innovation, information systems, and strategy.

MAcc: The program offers a minor in accounting information systems.

BS Management: The program offers minors in management and strategy.

Army ROTC (Department of Military Science): The program offers a minor in military science.

Air Force ROTC (Department of Aerospace Studies): The program offers a minor in aerospace studies.

Note: The EMBA, EMPA, MISM, BS accountancy, and BS information systems programs do not have majors, minors, or emphases.


See also departments ; majors .



more than Use more than when referring to amounts and over when referring to spatial relationships.

Examples: We traveled over the river and through the woods.
The company earned more than $2 billion last year.


N

non Words preceded by non typically don't use hyphens, unless the following word is a proper noun. Refer to Merriam-Webster Dictionary .
Examples: nonprofit
noncommittal
non-American.


numbers Refer to Chicago 9.1–71 for detailed guidelines.

CARDINAL NUMBERS: Spell out the following:
—Whole numbers from one through one hundred (Chicago 9.3).

Examples: There are forty-three students in the MPA Class of 1999.
The three new parking lots will provide space for 540 more cars.
This will still be standing one hundred years from now.

—Any of the whole numbers that are followed by hundred, thousand, hundred thousand, million, and so on (Chicago 9.4).

Example: The lecture hall can seat up to four hundred students.

—Any number that begins a sentence (Chicago 9.5). Often a sentence may need to be recast to avoid awkwardness.

Examples: Two hundred and forty-three students attended the training seminar.
One hundred ten men and 103 women will receive advanced degrees this quarter.

Note that specific numbers like twenty-one, thirty-nine, forty-seven and so on are hyphenated, whether used alone or as part of a larger number.

Examples: At age twenty-six he was the youngest CEO to ever head the company.
Nineteen eighty-three was the year the Tanner Building was dedicated.

When spelled-out numbers would cluster thickly in a sentence or paragraph, it may be better to use numerals.

Example:The ages of the eight members of the city council are 69, 64, 58, 54 (two members), 47, 45, and 35.

Use numerals with million and billion when referring to specific quantities (AP Stylebook, "millions, billions").

Examples: Total membership should rise to 11.2 million by the end of this year as we usher in the new millennium and should reach at least 18 million by 2020.
but
I'd like to make a billion dollars.


MILITARY UNITS: Spell out numerals of one hundred or less designating military subdivisions (Chicago 9.52). When numerals are used do not use a superscript for st, etc.

Examples: Seventy-Seventh Regiment
101st Airborne Division
323rd Fighter Wing
Third Battalion, 134th Artillery
Twelfth Armored Division


MONEY: Spell out whole numbers one through one hundred. If the number is spelled out, so is the unit of currency, and if numerals are used, $ or ¢ is used (Chicago 9.23).
&

Examples: The fare has been raised to twenty-five cents.
The committee raised a total of $325.
Hundreds of collectors paid five dollars each to attend the annual event.


ORDINAL NUMBERS: The rule for cardinal numbers applies to ordinal numbers (Chicago 9.8).

Examples: The students placed second, third, and fourth in a Java programming contest during the conference.
The Marriott School was ranked twenty-fifth for this particular category.
You are the 255th student to ask me that question.
She was the thousandth customer and won the prize.


PERCENTAGES: Spell out the word percent in text. It is acceptable to use the symbol % if numerous percentages are being listed in a text or if used in tables or graphs (Chicago 9.19).

Examples: The activity level increased by 4.5 percent in one year.
Reactivation increased 17% in Chile, 14% in Bolivia, 18% in Brazil, and 16% in Argentina.


PLURALS: The plurals of spelled-out numbers are formed like the plurals of other nouns. The plurals of numerals are formed by adding s alone. (Chicago 9.58).

Examples: The students were in their twenties and thirties.
Among the scores were two 240s and three 238s.
The 1980s and 1990s have seen great technological developments.


O


OBHR Acronym for organizational behavior and human resources. Do not use a slash (/) between OB and HR. It is usually not necessary to spell out the acronym.

office Do not capitalize unless part of an official title (Chicago 8.73; AP Stylebook, "office").

Examples: MBA office
Marriott School Undergraduate Programs office
external relations office
but
Deans Office (not Dean's or Deans' Office)
the Office of Management and Budget


online Do not capitalize, and use as one word with no hyphen.

Example: Candidates can apply online for admission to the MBA program.


Organizational Leadership and Strategy, Department of When preceded by BYU or Marriott School, capitalize and include of. In all other references, lowercase and use organizational leadership and strategy department or simply the department.

Example: The BYU Department of Organizational Leadership and Strategy is located here. The organizational leadership and strategy department is a part of the Marriott School. The department is great.

Avoid the abbreviation OLS .

See also departments .



over See more than .

P


Peery Institute of Financial Services In first references, Peery Institute of Financial Services is preferred but the full name, H. Taylor Peery Institute of Financial Services, may also be used. Whichever name is used, make sure to maintain consistency within the same publication. In secondary references, use the Peery Institute or simply the institute.

Example: The Peery Institute of Financial Services was founded and named in 2001.

See also institutes .



PricewaterhouseCoopers In first references, use PricewaterhouseCoopers. The Big Four accounting firm was formed in 1998 when Pricewaterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand merged. Avoid the abbreviation PwC.

Examples: Though both Pricewaterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand were begun in London, their founders never foresaw that PricewaterhouseCoopers, the company formed in the 1998 merger, would have nine offices in London alone by the year 2000.


possessives ending with the letter s Use s' instead of s's.

Examples: James Jones' company is very cutting-edge.
James' family is nice.
The Smiths' house is decorated lavishly.


program Do not capitalize (Chicago 8.2). The only exception within the school is Mentor Program.

Example: The school's Master of Accountancy program is highly ranked.


R


Recreation Management, Department of When preceded by BYU or Marriott School, capitalize and include of. In all other references, lowercase and use recreation management, RecM or simply the department.

Example: The BYU Department of Recreation Management is located here. The recreation managemnet department is a part of the Marriott School. The department has four hundred students.

Note: The department transferred to the Marriott School from the College of Health and Human Performance in August 2009.

See also departments .



references to people Use full name in first references. On following references, use the last name only, or use personal pronouns he, she, his, or her.

résumé Accent marks above both e's are preferred.

Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology In first references, Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology is preferred but the full name, Kevin and Debra Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology, may also be used (use and, not &). Whichever name is used, make sure to maintain consistency within the same publication. In secondary references, the Rollins Center is preferred but CET is also acceptable.

Example: The Rollins Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology was created in February 2009 after the merging of the Rollins eBusiness Center and the Center for Entrepreneurship. The Rollins Center promotes a variety of events throughout the year.

See also centers .

Romney Institute of Public Management In first references, Romney Institute of Public Management is preferred but the full name, George W. Romney Institute of Public Management, may also be used. Whichever name is used, make sure to maintain consistency within the same document. In secondary references, use the Romney Institute or simply the institute.

Example: The Romney Institute of Public Management was named in 1998 and directs the Marriott School's master of public administration degree.

See also departments ; institutes .

S

school See Marriott School of Management.

School of Accountancy Always capitalize. Do not use School of Accounting. Avoid the awkward juxtaposition of the Marriott School School of Accountancy; if necessary, use BYU School of Accountancy.

Example: Kevin D. Stocks, director of the School of Accountancy, commented on the award.

See also accounting, accountancy ; departments.



September 11 The term September 11 is preferred when referring to the day characterized by the terrorist attacks in New York, Washington, and Pennsylvania in 2001. The term 9/11 is an acceptable abbreviation. When not referring to the historic day, follow the international date standard: day-month-year (11 September 2001).

Examples: the events of September 11
the September 11 tragedy

When a day alone is mentioned, spell the ordinal number out.

Example: The tenth will always be important, even as it stands in the shadow cast by the eleventh.


spacing Place only one space after periods and all other punctuation marks.

states and cities No state is needed when the following cities are mentioned (AP Stylebook, "datelines").

Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Dallas
Denver
Detroit
Honolulu
Houston
Indianapolis
Las Vegas
Los Angeles
Miami
Milwaukee
Minneapolis
New Orleans
New York
Oklahoma City
Orem
Philadelphia
Phoenix
Pittsburgh
Provo
St. Louis
Salt Lake City
San Antonio
San Diego
San Francisco
Seattle
Washington


Steven and Georgia White Business Career Center In first references, the full name, Steven and Georgia White Business Career Center, is preferred but Marriott School Business Career Center may also be used. Whichever name is used, make sure to maintain consistency within the same publication. In secondary references, use the Business Career Center or simply the career center. Do not use White Business Career Center.

Example: The Steven and Georgia White Business Career Center offers employers a seamless recruiting system. Many students visit the career center for help with job placement.

See also centers .

T

Tanner Building In first references Tanner Building is appropriate but the full name, N. Eldon Tanner Building, may also be used. In general references, lowercase as building. TNRB may be used when attached with a specific room number. Avoid the abbreviation Tanner Bldg.

Examples: Please submit your application to 390 TNRB by 5 p.m.
The reception will be held in the Tanner Building this evening.
Capitalize all words in Tanner Building Addition.


The Princeton Review Do not italicize unless part of a publication title; always capitalize The. The Princeton Review is an education services company known for its test-prep courses, education programs, and graduate school guidebooks. The Princeton Review is not affiliated with Princeton University and is not a magazine.

Example: The Marriott School is one of the top twenty-five colleges for students looking to start their own business, according to rankings published by Entrepreneur magazine and The Princeton Review.

time Times of day should be referred to with numerals. In pieces that use o'clock in the text, numbers are always spelled out. Never use 12 a.m. or 12 p.m. since they can be misinterpreted; use midnight or noon instead.

Examples: The directors expected the meeting to continue until 3:30 p.m.
The library closes at midnight on weekdays.

See also a.m., p.m.



titles

CAPITALIZATION: Civic, military, religious, and professional titles and titles of nobility are capitalized when they immediately precede a personal name and are thus used as part of the name (usually replacing the title holder's first name). Titles are lowercased when following a name, used as an apposition, or used in place of a name (Chicago 8.21; Copyeditor's Handbook, p. 154).

Examples: Last month Dean Cornia announced the change.
Last month the dean announced the change.
Last month the Marriott School dean announced the change.
Last month Marriott School dean Gary Cornia announced the change.
Last month Gary Cornia, dean of the Marriott School, announced the change.

Terms denoting student status are lowercased (Chicago 8.32).

Examples: freshman Bob Smith
Bob Smith, first-year MBA student

The title is also capitalized if it refers to more than one name.

Examples: Mayors Cermak and Walker
Professors Meek and Dyer

Among professional titles, named academic professorships and fellowships are usually capitalized wherever they appear, especially if they are accompanied by a personal name (Chicago 8.31, 8.33).

Examples: Mary M. Warren, Alfred R. Wellman Distinguished Service Professor
Arthur M. Trouville, Wellington Kingsley Professor Emeritus
Margaret J. O'Neal, professor emerita


PUNCTUATION: Use commas to set off words identifying a title or position following a person's name.

Example: W. Steve Albrecht, associate dean of the Marriott School, was honored as Accountant of the Year by Beta Alpha Psi, a national professional accounting and business information fraternity.


U


university Do not capitalize unless part of BYU's official title, Brigham Young University.

Example: Colonel Reid Grawe is commander of the Brigham Young University Army Reserve Officer Training Corps Battalion. He joined the university in June 1999.


URLs In most cases, do not include http:// or www before a web site. These designations are no longer necessary. When used with other contact information—phone, fax, and email—web is preferred.

Example: External Relations Office
Phone: (801) 422-7696
Fax: (801) 422-0501
Web: marriottschool.byu.edu


LINE BREAKS: If a URL needs to be broken at the end of a line, the break should be made after a double slash (//) or a single slash (/); before a tilde (~), a period, a comma, a hyphen (-), an underscore (_), a question mark, a number sign, or a percent symbol; or before or after an equals sign or an ampersand (&). A hyphen should never be added to a URL to denote a line break (Chicago 6.17, 7.44, 17.11).

Examples:
marriottschool
.byu.edu
marriottschool.byu.edu/
styleguide/
marriottschool.byu.edu/marriottmag/fall09/features/feature
07.cfm?page_number=2
http://marriottalumni.byu.edu/s/1085/business
-start.aspx?gid=2&pgid=61


PUNCTUATION: If a URL ends a sentence, include a period after the URL. Do not set off a URL with angle brackets or quotes.

Example: Visit us on the web at marriottschool.byu.edu.

See also dot-com .



U.S.News & World Report When spelling out the entire name of the popular magazine, there is no space between U.S. and News and the entire name is italicized. When referring to the publication simply as U.S. News, there is a space between the two words and italics are not used.

Examples: U.S.News & World Report is a weekly national newsmagazine devoted largely to reporting and analyzing national and international affairs, politics, and business. U.S. News is available online at usnews.com.


V


vice president Spell out and lowercase in first references. In secondary references, VP may be used.

Example: Thomas Jones, vice president, was trained by the company's president.


W


The Wall Street Journal Italicize the entire name including The with the T capitalized. Subsequent reference to the publication as the journal should not be italicized or capitalized.

Example: The Marriott School was recently named one of The Wall Street Journal's ten "hidden gems." The journal went on to explain the benefits of the program.


Washington, D.C. Place periods and no spaces between the D and C. Enclose D.C. in commas (Chicago 15.31).

Example: Dr. Steven Johnson was invited to Washington, D.C., to speak at an entrepreneurship conference.


web Lowercase in all references, except when used as proper nouns and at the beginning of sentences.

Examples: I like to surf the web in my spare time.
He was hired to be a programmer for Johnson Web Design, Inc.
The creation of the World Wide Web is attributed to Tim Berners-Lee.


web site Use as two words and lowercase web and site.

Example: The Marriott School launched its new web site in August 1999.


Whitmore Global Management Center In first references, Whitmore Global Management Center is preferred but the full name, Kay and Yvonne Whitmore Global Management Center, may also be used (use and, not &). Whichever name is used, make sure to maintain consistency within the same publication. In secondary references, use the Whitmore Center or simply the center. Also, GMC may be used in email and URL addresses.

See also centers; CIBER.